Ingabe ikhwalithi yamabhodlela engilazi angenisiwe ingaqinisekiswa?

Ikhwalithi yamabhodlela engilazi angeniswayo ibilokhu ingenye yezinkinga ezibalulekile amakhasimende akhathazeke ngazo. Njengenkampani ekhethekile ekukhiqizweni nasekuthumeleni amabhodlela engilazi,Sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni amakhasimende ngemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphezulu nezithembekile.

Okokuqala,amabhodlela ethu engilazizithathwa amasampula njalo futhi zithunyelwa ezinhlanganweni ezahlukene zokuhlola ezigunyaziwe ezivela eceleni njenge-LFGB, TUV, kanye ne-SGS ukuze zihlolwe, ngezinga lokupasa elingu-100% ukuze zithathwe amasampula. Uma udinga izitifiketi ezifanele, sicela uchofoze lapha ukuze uzithole.

Okwesibili, sinezinhlobo eziningi zemikhiqizo, kufaka phakathi amasampula ebhodlela lewayini angaphezu kuka-1700+, ahlanganisa amakhono ahlukahlukene, izimo, nemibala ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zamakhasimende ahlukene. Uma udinga ikhathalogi yomkhiqizo,sicela uchofoze lapha ukuze usithinte.

Okwesithathu, sibheka ukubaluleka okukhuluukulethwa komkhiqizofuthi sihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokulethwa ngesikhathi esifanele nangokunembile kumakhasimende. Sisebenzisana nezinkampani eziningiizinkampani zezokuthutha zamazwe ngamazweukuhlinzeka amakhasimende ngezixazululo zezokuthutha eziguquguqukayo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo ilethwa kumakhasimende ngesikhathi nangenani elidingekayo.izinsizakalo zokuthuthaihlanganisa amazwe nezifunda eziningi emhlabeni jikelele futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo ezahlukene zamakhasimende zokuthumela kwamanye amazwe.

Okokugcina, sinamakhono aqinile okuthumela ngaphandle kanye nesipiliyoni esicebile sokuthumela ngaphandle, futhi singahlinzeka amakhasimende ngezinsizakalo zobungcweti zokuthumela ngaphandle. Sijwayelene ne-imithetho yokuhweba yamazwe ngamazwekanye nemithetho nemigomo efanele, futhi inganikeza amakhasimende izingxoxo eziphelele zokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nokusekelwa. Ibhizinisi lethu lokuthumela ngaphandle lihlanganisa amazwe nezifunda eziningi, okuhlanganisa iYurophu,i-America esenyakatho,i-South America, e-Asia, njll., futhi inolwazi olucebile lokuthumela ngaphandle kanye nezinzuzo zezinsiza.

In inkampani yethu,ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimendekuyinto eza kuqala kithi. Sizibophezele ekuhlinzekeni amakhasimende ngemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu nethembekile kanyeizinsizakaloukuqinisekisa ukuthi amakhasimende anelisekile futhi ayathemba umkhiqizo wethu. Uma unemibuzo noma izidingo mayelana nemikhiqizo nezinsizakalo zethu, sicela ukhululeke ukuxhumana nathiithimba lenkonzo yamakhasimende, futhi sizojabula ukukusiza.

Ngezansi kuneminye yemithetho nemigomo efanele ngamabhodlela engilazi eShayina nakwamanye amazwe, okungangabazeki ukuthi izoletha ikusasa eliqhakazile ngamabhodlela engilazi.

EShayina, iminyango eyahlukene efanele inemithethonqubo ecacile neqinile kanye nezindlela zokuphatha zokupakisha, ukukhiqizwa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamabhodlela engilazi. Nazi ezinye zeziyinhloko:

1. “Umthetho Wokuphepha Kokudla”: Lo mthetho ubeka ukuthi amabhodlela engilazi asetshenziselwa amanzi okuphuza, utshwala, ukudla, nezinye izinjongo kufanele ahlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuphepha ezifanele.
2. “Indinganiso Yemboni Yamabhodlela Engilazi”: Le ndinganiso ichaza izidingo eziyisisekelo, ukuhlukaniswa, usayizi,ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukumaka, ukupakisha, ukugcina, kanye nezinye izici zamabhodlela engilazi.
3. “Izinyathelo Zokuphatha Ilayisensi Yokukhiqiza Amabhodlela Engilazi”: Lesi sinyathelo sibeka ukuthi amabhizinisi okukhiqiza amabhodlela engilazi kumele abe nelayisensi yokukhiqiza futhi akhe izinhlelo zokuphatha zokufaka isicelo selayisensi, ukuvunywa, ukushintsha, ukukhanselwa, njll.
4. "Imithethonqubo Yokuhlola Ibhodlela Lengilazi": Lo mthethonqubo ubeka izinto ezahlukene zokuhlola amabhodlela engilazi, okuhlanganisa ukubukeka, usayizi, izakhiwo zomzimba, izakhiwo zamakhemikhali, izakhiwo zokukhanya, nezinye izidingo.
5. "Izinyathelo Zokuphatha Zokusebenzisa Kabusha kanyeUkusetshenziswa"Amabhodlela Engilazi": Lesi sinyathelo sichazauhlelo lokuphathaukuvuselela nokusetshenziswa kwamabhodlela engilazi, okuhlanganisaizidingo zeziquizikhungo zokuvuselela kabusha, ukuphepha kanyeukuphathwa kwendlengesikhathi senqubo yokuvuselela, ukuhlukaniswa, ukugcinwa, kanye nokuthuthwa kwamabhodlela engilazi asetshenziswe kabusha, kanye nezinye izidingo.

Ukuhumusha: Ngokusho kwe-“Izinga Lemboni"Amabhodlela Engilazi" (GB/T 19673-2019), okuqukethwe okulandelayo mayelana nezidingo eziyisisekelo, ukuhlukaniswa, ubukhulu,ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, ukulebula, ukupakisha, ukugcina, kanye nezinye izici zamabhodlela engilazi kuyachazwa:

1. Izidingo eziyisisekelo: Amabhodlela engilazi kufanele ahlangabezaneamazinga okuphepha kazwelonke, azinazo iziphambeko ezibalulekile, futhi ubuso bazo kufanele bube bushelelezi, buhlanzeke, futhi bungabi nemihuzuko, amabhamuza, kanye nemifantu.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa: Amabhodlela engilazi ahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ngokusekelwe enjongweni yawo, ukuma kwawo, kanye nezinye izici, okuhlanganisauhlobo lomlomo,uhlobo lomthamo, kanye nohlobo lwenhloso ekhethekile.
3. Ubukhulu: Okuhambisanayoamazinga osayiziKucacisiwe izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhodlela engilazi, okuhlanganisaububanzi bomlomo, ukuphakama, ububanzi bephansi, kanye nomthamo.
4. Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Lokhu kufaka phakathi izici ezifanaukuhlolwa kokubukeka,ukuhlolwa kobukhulu,ukuhlolwa kokusebenza ngokomzimba, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamakhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokukhanya, njll.
5. Ukulebula: Okuqukethwe nendawo yokulebula kwamabhodlela engilazi kuyachazwa, okuhlanganisa igama lomenzi, imininingwane yemodeli, umthamo, isisindo esiphelele, kanye nekhwalithi.
6. Ukupakisha: Iizidingo zokupakishaKucacisiwe amabhodlela engilazi, okuhlanganisa nezinto zokupakisha,izindlela zokupakisha, futhiukulebula kokupakisha.
7. Indawo Yokugcina: Izidingo zokugcina amabhodlela engilazi zichaziwe, okuhlanganisa izindawo zokugcina, izindlela zokugcina, kanye nezikhathi zokugcina.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwe-“Glass Bottle Inspection Regulations” (GB/T 19431-2019), izidingo kanye nemininingwane yezinto ezahlukene zokuhlola zamabhodlela engilazi, okuhlanganisa ukubukeka, ubukhulu, ukusebenza ngokomzimba,ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali, ukusebenza kwe-optical, njll., kuchazwe kanje:

1. Ukuhlolwa kokubukeka: Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokuhlola ukuthi ngabeumzimba webhodlelaliyisicaba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona amaphutha afana namabhamuza, imifantu, imihuzuko, njll., nokuthi ubukhulu kanye nokwakheka kwaloumlomo webhodlela, phansi, nezinye izingxenye ziyahlangabezana nezindinganiso.
2. Ukuhlolwa kobukhulu: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuthi ubukhulu, njengobubanzi bomlomo, ukuphakama, ububanzi obungezansi, kanye nomthamo, buyahlangabezana yini nezindinganiso, nokuthiizimo zejiyometri, njengokuba yindilinga komlomo kanye nokuqondile komzimba webhodlela, kuyahlangabezana nezindinganiso.
3. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza ngokomzimba: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola amandla omzimba webhodlela, ukumelana nokushisa,ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa,ukumelana nokushaqeka kokushisa, kanye nezinye izici.
4. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ukuqina kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukuncibilika, kanye nezinye izici zebhodlela lengilazi.
5. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kokukhanya: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlolaukudluliswa kokukhanyakanye nokuguquguquka kwebhodlela lengilazi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, le mithethonqubo ichaza futhiizindlela zokuhlolakanye nezindinganiso,izindlela zokwahlulelangemiphumela yokuhlola, kanye nezidingo zamarekhodi okuhlola kanye nemibiko. Lezi zinto zokuhlola kanye nemithethonqubo ihlose ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi kanye nokuphepha kwamabhodlela engilazi futhi ihlinzekeukwesekwa kobuchwepheshe okuthembekileyokukhiqiza nokusebenzisa amabhodlela engilazi.

Ukuhumusha: Ukuhlolwa kanyeamazinga okuhlolaAmabhodlela engilazi angahluka emazweni nasezifundeni ezahlukene. Nazi ezinye izindinganiso ezifanele kanye nemininingwane ethile kwamanye amazwe noma izifunda:

1. I-European Union (EU): I-EU ibhekisela kakhulu kuamazinga omhlaba wonkenjenge-ISO 719 kanye ne-ISO 718 yokuhlola nokuhlola amabhodlela engilazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-EU iphinde yathuthukisa amazinga athile ezinhlobo ezithile zamabhodlela engilazi, njenge-Pharmaceutical Glass Standards (EP), i-Wine Bottle Standards (DIN 228), i-Food Glass Bottle Standards (DIN 6120), njll.
2. I-United States: I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ikhiphe uchungechunge lwezindinganiso zamabhodlela engilazi, okuhlanganisa nezidingo zokukhiqiza, ukupakisha, ukulebula, ukugcina kanye nokuthuthwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ezinye izinhlangano ezizimele e-US zithuthukise amazinga okuhlola amabhodlela engilazi, njengeIsikhungo Sokupakisha Ingilazi(GPI) kanyeInhlangano Kazwelonke Yezingilazi(NGCA).
3. IJapane: IJapane ithuthukise amazinga amabhodlela engilazi emithi, okuhlanganisa i-JIS R3501 kanye ne-JIS R3502. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iJapane iphinde yasungula amazinga nemithethonqubo ethile yokupakisha, ukulebula, ukugcina, kanye nokuthuthwa kwamabhodlela engilazi.
4. I-Australia:Um-AustraliaI-Standards Bureau ithuthukise uchungechunge lwezindinganiso ze-AS/NZS 2233, okuhlanganisa i-AS/NZS 2233.1, i-AS/NZS 2233.2, njll., ezichaza izidingo zobukhulu bebhodlela lengilazi, ukujiya, ivolumu, ukusebenza ngokomzimba,ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali, njll.

Phakathi kwazo, i-Wine Bottle Standard (DIN 228) ingenye yezindinganiso zaseYurophu zamabhodlela ewayini, ezisebenza ekukhiqizweni nasekusetshenzisweni kwamabhodlela ewayini ahlukahlukene. Izinga lichaza imininingwane ethile ngesimo sebhodlela, usayizi, umthamo, izinto zokwakha, kanyeizidingo zekhwalithi, kufaka phakathi:

1. Ukuma: Amabhodlela ewayini kufanele abe yi-cylindrical, anomlomo oqondile ofana nomgqomo kanye nengxenye engezansi eyisicaba noma engezansi.
2. Usayizi: Usayizi wamabhodlela ewayini kufanele uhambisane nezindinganiso, okuhlanganisaububanzi bomlomo, ukuphakama, ububanzi obungezansi, njll.
3. Umthamo: Umthamo wamabhodlela ewayini kufanele uhambisane nezindinganiso, ngokuvamile amalitha angu-0.25, amalitha angu-0.5, amalitha angu-0.75, ilitha eli-1, amalitha angu-1.5, amalitha amabili, njll.
4. Izinto Ezisetshenziswayo: Amabhodlela ewayini kufanele enziwe ngezinto zengilazi, ezingaba sobala, zibe nsundu, zibe luhlaza, njll., kodwa kufanele zihambisane nezindinganiso zikazwelonke ezifanele.
5. Izidingo zekhwalithi: Amabhodlela ewayini kufanele angabi namaphutha abalulekile, abe nobuso obubushelelezi nobuhlanzekile, futhi angabi namaphutha anjengamabhamuza, imifantu, kanye nemihuzuko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isisindo samabhodlela ewayini kufanele sihambisane nezinga, kanti ubukhulu bengilazi kufanele buhambisane nezindinganiso ezifanele.amazinga kazwelonkeukuqinisekisa amandla ebhodlela.

I-Wine Bottle Standard (DIN 228) ichaza nezidingo zekhwalithi zamabhodlela ewayini, okuhlanganisa nesisindo sebhodlela. Ngokukhethekile, nge-750 mlibhodlela lewayini,isisindo esincanekufanele kube amagremu angu-300, kanti isisindo esiphezulu kufanele sibe amagremu angu-700. Kumabhodlela ewayini anezinye izinsiza, isisindo esincane nesiphezulu kufanele silungiswe ngokufanele ngokuya ngobukhulu bomthamo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Izinga Lebhodlela Lewayini(DIN 228) iphinda ichaze ubukhulu bengilazi yamabhodlela ewayini ukuqinisekisa amandla ebhodlela. Ngokukhethekile, kumabhodlela ewayini anezinga elihlukene, ubukhulu obuncane nobukhulu buchazwa.

Ngamafuphi, i-Wine Bottle Standard (DIN 228) inezinhlinzeko ezithile zesisindo kanye nobukhulu bengilazi yamabhodlela ewayini ukuqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwawo. Izinga liyi-Izinga lesiJalimanefuthi ingabukwa futhi itholakale kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-German Institute for Standardization (DIN). Izinyathelo ezithile yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. Vulaiwebhusayithi esemthethweniwe-German Institute forUkumiswa kwesimo(DIN), ikheli lewebhusayithi lithihttps://www.din.de.
2. Faka u-“DIN 228″ ku-ibhokisi lokuseshaekhasini eliyisiqalo bese uchofoza inkinobho yokusesha.
3. Ekhasini lemiphumela yosesho, thola okuthi “Flaschen für alkoholische Getränke; Flaschen für Wein und Schaumwein; Flaschenformen und -größen” (igama lesiJalimane lezinga lebhodlela lewayini) bese uchofoza kulo.
4. Ngemva kokufaka ikhasi elinemininingwane yendinganiso, ungathola okuqukethwe okugcwele kwendinganiso ngokusebenzisaukulanda okukhokhelwayo,ukubuka ku-inthanethi, noma okubhaliselwe.

Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-Isikhungo SaseJalimane Sokumisa Izinto Ezijwayelekile(DIN) itholakala kakhulu ngesiJalimane, ngakho-ke kudingeka izinga elithile lekhono lokufunda isiJalimane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuthengwa okujwayelekile kuwebhusayithi ngokuvamile kudinga inkokhelo, futhi izimali nezindlela ezithile zingabuzwa kuwebhusayithi.

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezindinganiso zikazwelonke ezigunyaziwe, indinganiso yaseJalimane (DIN 228) iphelele futhi inegunya. Ngakho-ke, eminye yemikhiqizo yethu ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe iye yahlolwa nge-LFGB, okuhlanganisa amabhodlela engilazi, izivalo zamabhodlela, izivalo zoqalo, kanyeizivalo zerabhaIfektri yethu iphinde yaphumelela ukuhlolwa kanye nesitifiketi sezikhungo eziningi zokuhlola ezigunyaziwe ezivela eceleni njenge-SGS, TUV, kanyeI-Intertekukuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yethu iyahlangabezana nekhwalithi efanele kanyeamazinga okuphepha.